Recently, the increase of adenovirus infection in many places has aroused people's concern.

What is adenovirus? What are the symptoms after infection? How can I prevent it? Let's find out!

Adenovirus, or human adenovirus. Human adenovirus is an important pathogen causing acute respiratory tract infection, with strong environmental survival and transmission ability. In crowded environments with poor sanitation, human adenovirus can cause outbreaks. Human adenovirus includes 7 subgenera (A-G) with at least 116 types.

Due to the large number of types and different tissue tropism, it causes different tissue and organ diseases, mainly including acute respiratory infection, eye conjunctivitis and gastrointestinal diseases.

01. Respiratory infection symptoms:

Acute respiratory infection is the most common, causing common cold and flu-like symptoms, typical clinical manifestations include cough, sore throat and fever, severe cases can lead to pneumonia and even death. Type 3 and type 7 in B subgenus are the main types causing acute respiratory tract infection in China, and type 55 is the main type causing community-acquired pneumonia. Types 1 and 2 of subgenus C and type 4 of subgenus E also cause acute respiratory infections.

02. Eye infection symptoms:

It is also one of the common symptoms of human adenovirus infection, which can cause epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, pharyngeal conjunctivitis and other eye diseases, and can cause eye infection outbreaks in crowded places such as schools, and can also cause "swimming pool fever (that is, pharyngeal conjunctivitis, symptoms include persistent high fever, pharyngitis and acute follicular conjunctivitis)." Types 3 and 7 of subgenus B and types 8, 19 and 64 of subgenus D are the main types causing these infections.

03. Gastrointestinal symptoms:

Many types of human adenovirus can replicate in the gastrointestinal tract of infected people and be excreted in the stool, but only a few types of infection can cause gastroenteritis, abdominal pain and diarrhea in infected people. Human adenovirus F subgenus 41 is the main type causing symptoms of gastrointestinal infection.

Most of the time, if the clinical manifestations and epidemiological history are enough to support adenovirus infection, then the examination is not necessary, after all, even if it is found, it is still the same treatment, the role is just to confirm the answer. Of course, if the clinical is only suspected, the examination results have great guiding significance for our treatment, it is still recommended to check.

The effective test for adenovirus is mainly these three kinds: virus culture, antigen, nucleic acid.

Among them, the virus culture takes a long time, and even after the human infection is cured, the stool will continue to discharge the virus for several weeks, it is difficult to determine whether the patient is infected by the virus culture, so it is generally not recommended as clinical, mainly for laboratory research.

The speed of antigen detection is relatively fast, but the disadvantage is that the sensitivity is low, that is, it is not so easy to find out, and may miss the diagnosis, so it is not recommended as the first choice.

The first recommended, or nucleic acid, is generally to check the nasopharyngeal swab, you can also check the eye secretions, tonsil secretions, stool. Although the nucleic acid can not distinguish whether the infection is present (that is, the positive result may also be because of previous infection, and it is still in the detoxification period), the results are fast and combined with clinical manifestations are basically enough to diagnose.

People infected with human adenovirus and mild symptoms should try to rest at home, reduce going out, and wear masks when going to public places and in close contact with others; Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or towel when coughing or sneezing; Avoid sharing cups and cutlery with others; Wash your hands with soap or hand sanitizer while running underwater. Once the symptoms worsen, such as persistent high fever, palpitation, shortness of breath, etc., you should go to the hospital in time.

At present, there is no human adenovirus vaccine available for the general population at home and abroad. The following measures are recommended to prevent human adenovirus infection:

01. During the epidemic period, try to reduce going out and going to crowded and poorly ventilated places, avoid close contact with infected people, and scientifically wear masks when in contact to reduce the risk of respiratory infection.

02. Develop good personal hygiene habits, wash hands frequently, and avoid touching important parts such as eyes, nose and mouth with unclean hands.

03. Keep indoor ventilation to reduce the risk of transmission.

04. Chlorine-containing disinfectants may be used to disinfect the environment or surfaces in contact with persons infected with human adenovirus.

05. Kindergartens, schools and other key places should strengthen morning and afternoon inspection and monitoring of absences from work and school, so as to detect the epidemic as early as possible and take timely measures to reduce the risk of outbreaks.

01. In the epidemic season of human adenovirus, medical institutions should strengthen the control of hospitalization to avoid cross-infection in hospitals.

02. Medical institutions at all levels should strengthen pre-examination and triage, set up special consulting rooms to receive fever cases, and increase the frequency of cleaning and disinfection.

03.Hospitalized cases of human adenovirus infection should be isolated for treatment, and medical equipment, secretions, medical waste and ward environment used by infected persons should be disinfected in time.

04. Medical personnel implement standard precautions, droplet isolation and contact transmission in the diagnosis, treatment and care of people infected with human adenovirus.