In response to the enthusiastic anticipation of medical professionals, the fifth session of the "Interdisciplinary Joint Academic Symposium on Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes" was successfully held online on October 10,2025, reigniting academic exchange momentum. Building upon systematic exploration of cutting-edge advancements and personalized therapies from previous sessions, this meeting focused on clinical challenges by adopting the theme "Root Cause Analysis of Clinical Difficulties and Optimization of Practical Strategies". Through in-depth analysis of real-world complex cases, it aimed to provide frontline physicians with actionable solutions to overcome clinical dilemmas.      There often exists a significant gap between theory and practice.  How can clinical guidelines be precisely applied to the ever-changing realities of medical practice?  How to address challenging issues like multiple comorbidities, suboptimal treatment outcomes, and conflicting medication choices?  These have become the "last mile" in improving diagnostic and therapeutic quality.  To tackle this, the fifth conference has specially invited multiple clinical experts with both profound theoretical knowledge and rich practical experience. Through the approach of "identifying root causes and optimizing strategies," they will share insights and engage in critical discussions.      This conference directly addresses clinical pain points with highly representative core topics: "When Hypertension Meets Adrenal Tumor: How to Make Clinical Decisions?", "Interpretation of China's 2023 Primary Care Guidelines for Diabetic Nephropathy", "China's 2021 Guidelines for Type 1 Diabetes", and "Unraveling the Mystery of Hypoglycemia". During the conference, speakers moved beyond rote recitation, adopting a problem-solving approach to share their valuable experience and unique insights distilled from years of clinical practice. Online participants actively engaged through bullet comments and Q&A sessions, engaging in lively and in-depth discussions with experts on real-world challenges encountered in daily work, creating a pragmatic and robust academic atmosphere.      From theoretical frontiers to clinical practice, this seminar series has maintained steady progress and continuous refinement.  The successful hosting of the fifth session marks the establishment of a complete academic cycle encompassing "guideline interpretation", "cutting-edge tracking", and "practical refinement", truly realizing the founding vision of "seamlessly integrating cutting-edge theories with frontline clinical practice".  We firmly believe that through these practical-focused intellectual exchanges, we will effectively enhance physicians 'clinical diagnostic and treatment capabilities, ultimately benefiting tens of thousands of patients and contributing substantial progress to China's metabolic disease prevention and control efforts.